Taken from Wikipedia
Rabbits and hares
The hare was a popular motif in medieval church art. In ancient times it was widely believed (as by
Pliny,
Plutarch,
Philostratus and
Aelian) that the hare was
hermaphrodite.
[5][6][7] The idea that a hare could reproduce without loss of
virginity led to an association with the
Virgin Mary, with hares sometimes occurring in
illuminated manuscripts and
Northern European paintings of the Virgin and
Christ Child. It may also have been associated with the
Holy Trinity, as in the
three hares motif,
[5][8] representing the
"One in Three and Three in One" of which the triangle or three interlocking shapes such as rings are common symbols. In England, this motif usually appears in a prominent place in the church, such as the central rib of the
chancel roof, or on a central rib of the
nave. This suggests that the symbol held significance to the church, and casts doubt on the theory that they may have been masons' or carpenters' signature marks.
[9]
Eggs, like rabbits and
hares, are
fertility symbols of
antiquity. Since
birds lay eggs and rabbits and hares give birth to large litters in the early spring, these became symbols of the rising fertility of the earth at the
Vernal Equinox.
[citation needed]
Rabbits and hares are both prolific breeders. Female hares can conceive a second litter of offspring while still pregnant with the first.
[10] This phenomenon is known as
superfetation.
Lagomorphs mature sexually at an early age and can give birth to several litters a year (hence the saying, "to breed like bunnies"). It is therefore not surprising that rabbits and hares should become fertility symbols, or that their springtime mating antics should enter into Easter
folklore.
Eggs
The precise origin of the ancient custom of
decorating eggs is not known, although evidently the blooming of many flowers in spring coincides with the use of the fertility symbol of eggs—and eggs boiled with some flowers change their color, bringing the spring into the homes. Many Christians of the
Eastern Orthodox Church to this day typically dye their
Easter eggs red,
[11] the color of blood, in recognition of the blood of the sacrificed
Christ (and, of the renewal of life in springtime). Some also use the color green, in honor of the new foliage emerging after the long dead time of winter.
German
Protestants wanted to retain the
Catholic custom of eating colored eggs for Easter, but did not want to introduce their children to the Catholic rite of
fasting. Eggs were forbidden to Catholics during the fast of
Lent, which was the reason for the abundance of eggs at Easter time.
[12]
The idea of an egg-laying bunny came to the U.S. in the 18th century. German immigrants in the Pennsylvania Dutch area told their children about the "
Osterhase" (sometimes spelled "Oschter Haws"
[13]).
[14] "Hase" means "hare", not rabbit, and in Northwest European folklore the "Easter Bunny" indeed is a hare, not a rabbit. According to the legend, only good children received gifts of colored eggs in the nests that they made in their caps and
bonnets before Easter.
[15] In 1835,
Jakob Grimm wrote of long-standing similar myths in Germany itself. Grimm suggested that these derived from legends of the reconstructed continental Germanic goddess *
Ostara.
[16]